Before today’s world of cars, trains and traffic, people shared a common history and culture through the horse. The Witte Museum explores the significance of the horse and its role in U.S. history in the new exhibit, Splendor on the Range: American Indians and the Horse. The exhibit, presented by PlainsCapital Bank and researched by South Texas Heritage Curator Bruce Shackelford, runs from March 5 through August 21 in the Kathleen and Curtis Gunn Gallery.
The horse evolved in the San Antonio region, and made its way to Asia where it was domesticated, but it disappeared from the Southwest area 10,000 years ago. In the 16th century, the Spanish reintroduced the horse and brought a new way of life to the American Indian tribes throughout the United States, particularly the Southwest and the Plains.
“People are surprised to learn that horses started here, but they also went away and then came back,” Shackelford said. “We just assume that they were always here.”
The Splendor on the Range exhibit features the Witte’s impressive American Indian collection, including pieces that are on display for the first time. Artifacts – such as painted buffalo hides, saddles, moccasins, and special attire – give visitors a better look at the daily life and cultures of American Indian tribes.
Tribes held great reverence for the horse, Shackelford said, which provided them with a source of food and transportation for trading, hunting, fighting and traveling.
“With the horse, (these tribes) became the most powerful people in the United States, West of the Mississippi,” he said.
The exhibit also allows visitors to view artifacts and engage with history – listening to recordings of American Indian songs, seeing a rare film of Sioux tribesmen performing the Ghost Dance, and learning more about the events and effects of the Massacre at Wounded Knee. Younger visitors can enjoy daily live performances and story times, play in the tipi (or teepee) area, and learn more about different tribe tools and culture.
There’s not much similarity between tribe life and modern society today, Shackelford said, “but there’s still that mobility and limitations of mobility with cars.” Like the previous generations who used horses,”it’s still about this freedom to travel and move wherever and whenever we want, at our discretion.”
Coming Events at the Witte
The Fort Parker Raid Revisited | Wednesday, March 30
The Museum will present a Louis A. and Frances B. Wagner Series presentation with Bruce Shackelford and Dr. Daniel Gelo, Professor and Dean of the Department of Anthropology at UTSA from 6:30 to 8:30 p.m.
Time Travel Family Day| Saturday, April 9
There will be a particularly family-friendly day at the exhibit, running from noon to 4 p.m.
Admission for Splendor on the Range: American Indians and the Horse costs $3 for members and $5 for non-members, as well as general admission. For more information, call 210-357-1900 or visit www.wittemuseum.org.
*Top Image: The horse evolved in the San Antonio region. Photo by Kathryn Boyd-Batstone.
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There are SO many problems with the so-called facts in this piece – Witte/Shackelford, shame on you – that it is difficult to know where to begin. I have not the time to rewrite this piece, but I will say that the information is delivered from a decidedly Eurocentric perspective . ( Horses for food, fighting and to be compared to cars?) And, it is not from the diverse cultural perspectives of many nations who had unique world views that incorporated the horse (which did not include viewing the horse as food staple!).
As well, the horse did not “disappear.” Rather, it became extinct along with other paleo-fauna. (Are we afraid to mention climate change?) The horse “evolved in the San Antonio region.” Really? A very simplistic notion indeed of the evolution of the equine species in North America. And the “ghost dance footage” is actually footage from Wild West entertainment shows in the early 19th century. These scripted performances are not considered authentic cultural actions. In fact, Wild West shows have promoted negative stereotypes of Native Americans.
There is a distinct line that exists between education and shallow public entertainment. The responsibility of the Witte is to know this line.
*early 20th century
Pedant
Thanks for the correction……I was so unsettled by what I read that I lost my sense of time.
Wild horses in America are being slaughtered because corporation-backed politicians have been successfully pressuring the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) to remove them from from public lands for ranching, timber and mining interests. It’s the exact opposite of what The Wild Free-Roaming Horse and Burro Act of 1971 mandates.
Why is The Witte Museum only examining the “splendor” of horses and native peoples in the past? Native Americans still exist and so do their relationship to horses. Is it becuase the past is safe? It appears that the Witte is unwilling to take the corporate risk to address the plight of the quickly vanishing American wild horses and contemporary Native American relationships to them. In 1998 the BLM seized and brutally killed horses belonging to two elderly Shoshone women. It is only one of many cases of horses and being killed on public lands, and it is a well known case. The Witte has the opportunity to educate the public about contemporary Native relationships to horses with this case but is bypassing that opportunity.
It looks as if the Witte does not feel the need to respond to concerns of San Antonio citizens. I wonder why?